Africa
Annual reviews usually linked to strategic plans for some staff only
Remuneration commonly not linked with progress on strategic goals
Team leaders increasingly involved in strategic plan implementation
Respondents commonly review plans and re-align objectives after strategic cycles
Number of dedicated strategic planning units rises
Larger central banks more likely to have dedicated units
Libya launches $1bn cash sale to citizens
Central bank attempts to reduce demand for US currency in parallel economy and stabilise dinar
Few central banks involve third parties in strategic plan development
Standard operational budgets remain leading source of funding
Disclosure and supervision are top ESG strategy objectives
Emissions monitoring broadly in focus for central banks with narrower plans
PBoC deputy says Iran war has worsened EMEs’ debt burden
Xuan Changneng calls for better global sovereign debt frameworks
Strategic planning frameworks widely draw on Swot analysis
European central banks’ strategies tend to favour Pestel analysis
Narrower strategic planners use more pillars than broader planners
Secondary objectives average 15 in central banks’ strategic plans
Firms slowest to adjust to Sarb’s new price target – paper
Memories of post-pandemic inflation surge linger, researchers say
Third of central banks set strategic plans on five-year horizons
Just one respondent implements planning on ad hoc basis
NBE governor: reforms have reorientated Ethiopian economy
Country has been shifting towards a market-based system, with support from IMF
Kenya ends easing cycle with rates hold
Central bank adopts wait-and-see approach amid uncertainty over Iran conflict
Sabine Mauderer on the past, present and future of the NGFS
Bundesbank official discusses green policy, the Fed, data blind spots and future prospects
Pensions and staff morale least likely to constitute staffing challenge
Degree of concern varies by size of central bank
Majority of central banks posted profit in last year
Largest share of profit-makers have no dividend sharing-contract with government
Half of central banks prohibit senior officials’ shareholdings
Minority of respondents working to adopt other internal policies
Non-executive directors earn five times less than governors
NEDs work an average of 14 hours weekly, Governance Benchmarks 2026 find
Boards with salary-setting duties have largest membership
Greatest number of non-execs appointed by government
Roughly 40% of central banks lack a monetary policy committee
Governing boards remain widely responsible for setting overall strategy
Governors of smaller central banks earn slightly below global average
But governors’ salaries remain above $200,000 a year
CBN governor calls on EBRD to act locally in Nigeria
Cardoso points to alignment of interests between private sector and country’s subnational authorities
European governors serve longest average term length
Central bank governors rarely appointed for one term or 3+ terms
One-fifth of central banks say governing laws are inappropriate
Government still sets salaries at one-tenth of jurisdictions