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Breaking down independence
The Governance Benchmarks 2025 breaks down central bank independence into 10 key areas, with independence rated one to five, with five being full independence. Average scores are high across the board, though some individual central banks report problems in particular areas.
For the full breakdown, use the benchmarking service’s interactive charts to explore the data.
Near-24/7 RTGS systems more susceptible to outages
Central banks with longest uptime also report highest number of contingency sites
Most RTGS systems projected for upgrade within a year
Two in three RTGSs operating 13–16 hours daily to be upgraded within a year
Budget and RTGS operating expenses rise year on year
Share of central banks charging both fixed and varied fees for RTGS access grows
Most central banks operate RTGS seven to 12 hours daily
Respondents processed over $6 trillion via system in 2024