Financial Stability 2025
IMF sees room for further easing in Thailand
Country’s household debt challenges compounded by other shocks, mission head says
Neutral counter-cyclical capital buffer averages less than 1%
But average neutral level of CCyB varies by economic groupings
Six central banks report increase in AML/CFT risks
Nine in 10 institutions indicate having sufficient powers to deal with risks
Central banks see cyber attacks as key financial stability risk
Respondents also reveal other elevated risks, including geopolitics and tariffs
Cyber attacks rise in three-fifths of jurisdictions
Central banks lacking incident response team report highest rate of attacks
Majority of central banks have analysed effects of tariffs
Spike in levies seen as having varying degrees of impact on financial stability
Only 30% of central banks conduct non-bank stress-testing
Exercise tends to be less common in institutions with smaller financial stability teams
Most central banks seek improved regulatory frameworks
Key areas include laws on systemically important banks, liquidity risks, insurance and fintechs
Limit on insured bank deposit payouts averages $50,000
One in 10 jurisdictions lack any deposit insurance fund
Two in five central banks see need for more macro-pru tools
Caps on loan-to-value ratios are respondents’ most actively used policy
AI most widely used for document preparation in financial stability
Smaller financial stability teams less likely to utilise technology
Only 5% of central banks reveal individual bank stress-test results
Respondents share details of how stress scenarios are developed
Central banks with resource deficiency tend to pay higher salaries
Average financial stability budget also higher in units with that report non-staff resource shortage
Financial stability staff sufficiency improves year on year
Most central banks report contentment with non-staff resources
Most central banks co-ordinate monetary and financial stability tools
Cross-scenario evaluation and committee overlap cited as areas of interaction