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Smaller reserve holders rarely lend securities or conduct stress tests
CVAR remains widely used risk management technique
Islamic finance suited for green investments – BNM governor
Abdul Rasheed says sharia-compliant vehicles offer “ready-made infrastructure for risk-sharing”
China and Indonesia expand cross-border settlement links
Central banks also announce QR-based pilot for payments in local currencies
Reserve managers typically do not employ negative screening
Central banks with short-term import coverage more likely to utilise tool
Many managers assess reserves with benchmarks and other approaches
Central bank board remains top body granting approval for reserve benchmarking
European central banks shift reserves from US Treasuries to euro assets
US Treasuries still make up largest share of respondents’ reserves globally
Two in five large reserves holders reduce dollar allocations
Yet central banks’ FX holdings remain broadly denominated in US currency
Reserve managers widely satisfied with staff strength and resources
Large reserve management teams tend to earn higher salaries
Financial Stability Benchmarks 2025 – executive summary
Data sheds light on central banks’ assessment of tariff risks and other financial stability threats
Bank notes: July to September 2025
A round-up of news and salient issues that have affected central bankers in the past three months
People: July to September 2025
A round-up of central bankers in the news and on the move during the past three months
Neutral counter-cyclical capital buffer averages less than 1%
But average neutral level of CCyB varies by economic groupings