Euro
National central banks hold rates across Europe
Albania, Czech Republic, Hungary, Norway and Sweden all leave policy unchanged
Bank notes: October to December 2025
A round-up of news and salient issues that have affected central bankers in the past three months
The prospects for retail CBDCs
Open instant payments systems offer a quicker route to financial deepening, for now
Eurozone bank uncompetitiveness a ‘myth’ – Schnabel
Regulations have made lenders better, says ECB board member
NBFIs could dent transmission – Bundesbank board member
Growing non-bank activity could diminish banking channel’s importance, says Köhler-Geib
Serbia says sanctions on Russia pose financial stability risks
Central bank sounds warning as government threatens to divest Russian stakes in domestic oil refiner
ECB in no hurry with new structural operations – Välimäki
Portfolio will first need to be reduced ‘considerably’, says bank's alternate board member
ECB moves to link Tips with India’s UPI and Nexus
Connection with Nexus still hinges on ECB exploring potential ‘feasibility’
More independent central banks hold fewer dollars – research
De-dollarisation benefits Singaporean and Korean currencies, while Australia’s and China’s lose out
‘Imaginations are running wild’ – Nagel on AI
Europe is prepared for a financial downturn, Bundesbank president says
What lies beneath China’s SDR proposal?
Experts discuss whether the PBoC’s vision for an SDR-led international monetary system would represent a ‘monetary straitjacket’ or an ideal ‘dollar replacement’
Support for euro hits ‘record highs’ – ECB
Previously sceptical countries have grown to like shared currency, research suggests
ECB to tilt future QE to shorter-term bonds – Schnabel
Collateralised lending to play key role in Eurosystem asset composition
ECB holds rates for third consecutive time
Lagarde celebrates ‘fading risks’ to eurozone growth thanks to trade deals and Gaza ceasefire
Why Europe cannot afford to delay the digital euro
CBDC would counter the erosion of sovereignty as cash recedes, substitution by foreign digital monies and weaponisation of access, argue Biagio Bossone and Céu Pereira
Denmark and Sweden should join eurozone, Finnish governor says
Scandinavian countries would benefit from cheaper infrastructure, says Olli Rehn
Lagarde calls for EU-wide clean energy strategy
Integrated capital markets to finance affordable and sustainable sources of power, ECB president says
Tariffs will not solve US ‘twin deficits’, BdF governor says
Villeroy de Galhau wants to maintain spirit of transatlantic co-operation despite disagreements
Reserve Benchmarks 2025 – model banks analysis
Data breakdowns shed further light on asset allocations, staffing and strategy
Hungary’s opposition considering joining euro if elected
Country could be ‘biggest winner’ of non-eurozone EU countries by introducing shared currency
Lagarde revives pitch for euro’s international role
Single currency can become ‘true source of strength’, ECB president says