Monetary policy departments of middle income central banks comprise a larger share of junior staff than officials in senior roles and management positions, data from the Monetary Policy Benchmarks 2025 finds.

Junior employees refer to staff at entry level. This includes analysts, junior economists and support staff. Among upper-middle income monetary policy divisions, this category of staff makes up an average of 43.1% of the department. Across lower-middle income central banks, they account for