Central Banking

No uniform path to euro

There is no one-size-fits-all euro adoption policy available for the eight new EU countries from Central and Eastern Europe, finds a new paper from the Bank of Estonia.

The authors argue that a country may postpone the European economic and monetary union membership preparations, enter the exchange rate mechanism (ERM) II while pursuing extraordinary disinflationary policies, or enter the ERM II without extraordinary disinflationary policies.

The paper argues that the best choice is likely to

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FedNow – at last

The instant payment system might help fix the US’s rusty payment rails, but it also faces competition, says Dave Birch

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